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Regular updates from students in TRIP

My Experiences at TRIP! by Megan Xie

9/15/2022

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Hi guys! The last four days at TRIP have flown by so quickly. In the past two weeks, I worked on my introductory experiment, where I tested the effects of black cohosh and disrupted circadian rhythms on female fly fertility. My female fertility assay showed that constant dark did not affect fertility, but that black cohosh was able to increase the number of embryos per female. I am so glad that fruit flies aren’t very hard to work with. TRIP has developed in me a fascination for the complexity of these organisms despite their small size. It amazes me to see how flies respond to certain drugs or stressors in the same way that humans do. By practicing with the lab equipment, I have also become a lot more confident in the lab.
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 am so happy that I got assigned to Session B. I love everyone’s unique personalities, and even though we have only seen each other for five days, I feel that we have already established a strong friendship with one another. The environment I am in when I enter the TRIP lab inspires me so much, as everyone is extremely kind and smart, and they share the same passion and dedication that I admire, where we often stay up past midnight to get our assignments turned in on time (and not get shamed in class). I came to TRIP in hopes of growing from this experience, and just from listening to everyone present their project proposals on day three and receiving feedback on mine, I have already learned so much that I will keep in mind when preparing for the final symposium

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I chose to test bananas, apples, and grapes, which are high in fiber, sorbitol, and polyphenol, respectively, and a combination of these fruits to see which fruit component plays the most important role in microbiome diversity.
Figuring out exactly what my final project question would be took me quite a while. I remember reading about some of the projects on microbiomes in previous years and knowing at the start of the program that I wanted to test for microbiome diversity. However, I didn’t know exactly what I wanted to test until I came across an article on how poor diet and diet-related diseases are a major health concern in the U.S. Since I am a very picky eater when it comes to fruits, I decided to test how eating a variety of fruits as opposed to one type of fruit will affect the gut microbiota. I chose to test bananas, apples, and grapes, which are high in fiber, sorbitol, and polyphenol, respectively, and a combination of these fruits to see which fruit component plays the most important role in microbiome diversity.
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Yesterday, we began our independent project. From my plan, I estimated that I would have an extra hour to spare. However, I messed up and had to restart when making the fly food, took way longer than expected when sorting 320 flies, completely forgot about collecting developmental data for my introductory project until I began packing up to leave, and ended up staying past 5pm to get my work done. Since I have even more work to do tomorrow, I’m probably going to come a little earlier to get a head start.
TRIP has given me such an invaluable experience to explore my interests in science while also making new friends. I can’t wait to start the microbiome assay, and I’ll keep you updated with my results!
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So Far...by Yailis Correa

9/12/2022

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 These first few weeks at TRIP have been quite interesting. I've learned how to make and dilute solutions, with the help of the amazing Dr. Leystra of course. Coming from lower-income schools, I didn't know a lot of the math I should, and our instructors have been very patient in helping me out. In these first three weeks I've prepared fly food vials, sorted flies into said vials, and ran a Negative Geotaxis Assay on flied who were stressed with soap, as well as flies treated with Vitamin E. These are words I never imagined to come out of my mouth, but I did it! It was a very new experience which I absolutely love.            

 The TRIP program has definitely pushed me past my limits - especially preparing for my independent project. After long consideration, I chose to do my project on whether natural remedies are better than opiates in pain relief. I'd like to see for myself whether flies who have been stressed can perform better under Boswellia (an Indian herb), or Poppy Seed Tea (an opiate). This project really caught my attention because my family and I all take medication for pain, but some are worse than others. Although opiates may take the pain away for a moment, it also can disorient the person, so regardless they'd still be unable to move around fluidly. Natural remedies can relieve the pain without all of the nasty side effects. 
   Besides all of the work, I've also been able to create bonds with some of my peers. We help each other with assignments, we laugh, play and overall have fun! I think bonding with other students in TRIP is essential to our success. Without support it'd be too easy to just give up. I'm grateful for the friends I've made, and excited to get closer to everyone. 
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A Long TRIP Ahead! by Samarth Mannikeri

9/12/2022

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Hello, again, readers! I hope you are having a wonderful day!
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I, on the other hand, have been loving TRIP thus far, and I can’t wait for my Tuesdays and Thursdays to come and meet with my TRIP family! TRIP has been very, very exciting, and I truly enjoy working with Dr. Leystra, the TAs, and my fellow TRIP-mates! From micropipetting liquids to sorting fruit flies, I have been able to learn several things in the past 3 weeks. In fact, I have been able to reduce my fruit fly sorting time from nearly 16 minutes to almost 5-7 minutes, which is quite an accomplishment, especially for a person like me, who is quite messy!
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Currently, we are halfway through our TRIP program (reaching the end of our 3rd week), and it has been quite a rollercoaster, phew! Specifically, I have been working on my introductory project, as I am determining how red clover and sugar affect fertility. In this scenario, my drug was the red clover (which was known to boost fertility), and my stressor was a high sugar diet (which was known to reduce fertility).
To begin, I needed to set up my fertility assay. First, I needed to change the fly vials. This is necessary, as I would only have adult flies in a new vial, and they would not have access to food and would leave all other larvae/pupae in the previous vial. Next, I needed to entice the adult flies to lay embryos by using the flies’ favorite soup– yeast and sour grape plates! After nearly 2 hours of incubation in a dark room with warmer conditions (perfect for mating and laying embryos), we then used a microscope to count the number of embryos that were laid and eventually hatched. This assay was quite fun and interesting; but, although I must admit, it was quite hard and tedious, especially considering the process required to make the sour grape plates.
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Apart from my introductory project, I set out to discover my independent project– something that had been known to affect my life. My family in India despises modern medicine, despite how fast the remedy may be, and they rather depend on naturopathy/allopathy, specifically in terms of ayurvedic medicine. Therefore, I came upon this project to truly see which type of medicine is the most effective and beneficial to humans without many of the widespread side effects. The benefits of homeopathy are quite prevalent and contain much fewer detriments, contrary to allopathy. Additionally, the rise of “Big Pharma”, the large amount of stress and breaks in the US healthcare system, and the rising corruption in the pharmaceutical industry led me to my question:How do Penicillin & Streptomycin (mixture) and Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) affect fertility and rate of growth, and what does it illustrate in terms of allopathy and homeopathy in its effectiveness as antibiotics?


How does Penicillin & Streptomycin (mixture) and Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) affect fertility and rate of growth, and what does it illustrate in terms of allopathy and homeopathy in its effectiveness as antibiotics?
This question, as I knew it from the start, was not going to be easy to prove. Additionally, there has not been any forms of research comparing the differences and similarities of a mixture of Penicillin & Streptomycin and Shatavari, as it is quite uncommon. In order to start this project, I needed to establish my main assays, and they include a microbiome assay (quantifying the gut bacteria of flies through the various amounts of antibacterial drugs), a male & female fertility assay (determining the quantity of successful offspring), and an overall growth assay (through an image analysis of the Fiji ImageJ software). With a large number of assays to test and prove my question, I am now ready to start this project in all its entirety!
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Additionally, in conjunction with the TRIP initiative program, I have been able to further become an independent person. From taking the train to walking around the city, I find myself in awe of how wonderful urban life is and how discrete it is to the little suburbia I live in. In the end, I can’t wait to see how well my project goes, and I also can’t wait to update you all on how the project goes! Until next time! ​

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Welcome Back by Janiya Bradley

9/10/2022

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I had a lot of fun on my second day in the lab. I really felt supported when I needed help making the dilutions and solutions. We sorted male and female flies using either CO2 or ice method. The CO2 method was a lot easier to work with. The ice method works just fine but you have to be a lot more careful with not getting the flies' wings wet because that will cause them to die in the long run. In addition, if they aren't fully on the ice they can start to wake up.  I also got to make grape plates. I felt like a scientist! Doing the math correctly really sets you up nicely to ensure that you can run your protocol smoothly.  I'm so glad that I took the opportunity to participate in this program. ​
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I think that I'm going to test the impact of Sildenafil, otherwise known as Viagra, on my flies. I know it's a little bold but I'm really curious to see if it affects the reproductive system positively or negatively. I'm trying to think up another project, one that's not so straightforward. All I can think about is presenting my independent project and having  the word VIAGRA  in bold letters. ​
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I really love the environment in the lab. I'm very productive when I'm there. I'd say that my lab buddies are Yailis and Charity. They are really helpful and I do see them 3 days out of the week. Charity is really helpful when I need a little extra explaining. She always tries her best to make sure I understand things. Yailis is also really helpful; her brain works in a different way. I like the way she can come up with her own solution to problems when the conventional way isn't working and she always has something funny to say. I hope to be able to get to know everyone else a bit better, too!
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Traveling through My TRIP Journey! by Tejasvi Pathipati

9/8/2022

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Welcome back! I’m halfway through my TRIP Journey: week 3! Since the last time I wrote, I have conducted an introductory experiment testing the effect of St. John’s Wort and constant darkness on fruit flies' mood. I collected and presented my data to my TRIP peers as well. Over the past few weeks, I have gotten to know my peers and look forward to sharing the lab with them.
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Before I conducted my introductory experiment, I was puzzled on how such minuscule creatures could yield such meaningful data. I merely thought of fruit flies as insects buzzing around bananas in my home. But as I was learning the necessary skills such as making fly food, sorting flies, and setting up assays, I quickly realized that the minuscule flies I was looking at had complex functions and resembled the human body. I surprised myself with my fly sorting ability. When sorting flies was first demonstrated, I was unsure if I could detect the dark black pigment of the male flies, but it was surprisingly easy! I was quickly learning to work with minuscule creatures and appreciate their size.
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After finishing up our introductory experiments, it was time to create our own independent research project. At first I wanted to test the side effects of high cholesterol in flies by feeding them a high-fat diet. But I quickly strayed away from this as the consequences for high cholesterol are thoroughly researched in humans, my questions would not be novel. So I decided to take a different approach to cholesterol. Over 200 million people take cholesterol medicine (statins) to control their high cholesterol. So what would happen if a patient were to continue taking stains when their cholesterol has come to a normal range? Would prolonged use of a medication patients didn’t need negatively affect them? Millions of people do not have access to quality health care around the world. While a patient could get prescribed cholesterol medicine, they may not have to means for a follow up appointment with their doctor to get their cholesterol tested again. We see articles about increasingly high cholesterol without a sedentary lifestyle, we hear about the news of a loved one’s passing due to heart problems because they had high cholesterol, so everyone knows of the negative consequences of cholesterol. But what about the medicine that control it? Modern medicine has done extraordinary things for millions of people, but not everyone can access healthcare workers for annual checkups. This idea gave way to my independent research project. ​

What effect does Lipitor medication have on fruit flies overall growth and development?”
My question is “What effect does lipitor medication have on fruit flies overall growth and development?” I set up my experiment yesterday and I am very excited to run my first assay tomorrow to test how the lipitor has affected the fruit flies’ bodies. Keep an eye out for my updates to learn more about my project and how it's going!
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I Got My Eyes on the Flies by Laney Riley

9/8/2022

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Hey guys! Glad to see you’re back. If you forgot from before, my name is Laney. We are halfway through Week 3 of TRIP and it truly has been a wild ride. While I knew this program involved math, I greatly underestimated the amount of math I would actually do in this program and the amount of times one person alone could screw up a math problem. Math is absolutely not my forte in any way, and I’m very glad I learned that before I go to college. Additionally, I am extremely grateful for my fellow TRIPmates, especially Charity, as well as Dr. Leystra for taking the extra time to help me better understand the math I struggled with so much. Outside of my frustration with math, TRIP has been so much fun! I’ve missed being in a lab so much. It’s so exciting to be back, with like-minded people so excited to learn about science and research. We still have a few weeks left and I am so excited for them! This is such an exciting experience that I will never be able to forget.
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After learning to accept and cope with my math struggles, I began working on my introductory project. For this, I studied how Fenugreek (an herb) and high sugar would affect the flies mood using an open field test. An open field test allowed me to determine the flies level of fear after being drugged. I definitely struggled to measure how far the flies moved, but it was very interesting. Fruit flies are so much more complicated than I ever could’ve imagined and it’s so fun learning about them.
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    My original independent project plan wasn’t really a plan. At first, I didn’t know what I wanted to do at all, but after thinking about it, as an incoming Neuroscience major, I decided I wanted to study cognitive function in some way. After talking with Dr. Leystra and my fellow TRIPmates, I decided to study the effects of Prozac on memory with a stressor of isolation. I’m surprised I didn’t think of this project sooner. I love learning about the brain and mental illness. Isolation will put the flies in a depressed-like state for the flies. This will then stress them out and could negatively affect their memory. The goal of this project is to see how Prozac impacts memory, as there are currently very mixed results with this topic and most studies are done in patients with fatal brain disease. I chose Prozac because it is a drug I am currently on, which means I have access to it, as well as an understanding of how it impacts me personally. I am doing the Proboscis Extension Response (PER) assay to determine the flies memory, using sugar water to determine if they are able to recognize positive feedback with a specific sound. I am so very excited to begin doing this experiment. Yesterday I did a bunch of prep work to get ready for this assay and I can’t wait. It is definitely going to be an insane amount of work and will most likely stress me out greatly, but I am confident it will be worth it. 
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A Brief Summary of the Past Two Weeks of TRIP by Emily Zhang

9/7/2022

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Hi guys! Emily here. I didn’t realize we were halfway through the program already. Wow, time really ‘flies’. We are currently on week 3 of TRIP and have begun our independent projects! I find myself eagerly waiting for every Tuesday and Thursday of the week to be part of the lab and can not wait to see how far the projects will take us. 
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Prior to establishing our independent projects, we needed to familiarize ourselves with the procedures and protocols of handling the flies and the 16 pages of the techniques packet (which I will say is very impressive and interesting). Once we had these skills under our belt, we were given an introductory experiment; mine question, “How do valerian and high sugar diet affect the mobility of fruit flies?”. Through this experiment, I put the flies to sleep using carbon dioxide and sorted a total of 80 female and 80 male fruit flies based on their characteristics. I learned that by feeding the flies valerian, a drug historically used for insomnia and anxiety, coupled with a high sugar diet, the flies overall mobility decreased drastically. This was due to the drug having a sleepiness effect on the flies and the high sugar diet also negatively impacted the flies’ mobility. One would think that sugar would excite the flies but when a high sugar diet is implemented in their system for a period of time, the flies will become more prone to health issues. ​
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After the introductory experiments, it is time for our personal independent experiments. I value women’s health. Although pregnancy is not desirable for everyone, many women struggle with infertility which brings social and psychological problems to their health; women’s reproductive health affects their overall wellbeing, mental health, hormones, dietary restrictions, etc. Therefore, seeking a possible solution, I found Angelica Sinensis. Angelica Sinensis, also known as Dong Quai, has been used in Chinese medicine for a long time; mainly for female reproductive health. I want to test how accurately and to what extent this herb has an effect on the rate of female fertility. Hopefully, I will be able to receive positive results!
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The TRIP Experience by Peter Yang

9/5/2022

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It's been two weeks since I wrote my last blog.  Quite a lot has happened in the past two weeks, and I want to share a couple of my learnings to date about TRIP.
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First is independence.  Each of us is to bring a research idea and that idea defines what each will do throughout the program.  This sounds like no big deal, but to me it’s an entirely different experience.  I have done many science projects that would eventually reach some results; in a way, what I did before was based on ideas that had been demonstrated to be true or false.  At TRIP, for the first time, I started with a relatively raw idea, had to think about how to design the experiments, and needed to consider the very likely scenario that my research may have no result… It feels real (and exciting!).  That said, I had lots of help in the past two weeks from my advisors who guided me and helped me think differently.  Such a degree of freedom is not entirely unexpected; I want to call it out because it is a new experience for me and it started to help me learn more about myself and how I work.
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Second is that finding a research topic is a lot harder than I anticipated.  Two weeks ago, I had lots of ideas that I thought were good.  I was inspired by topics like water pollution, over-the-counter drug addiction, and others.  All sound exciting and meaningful.  But I soon realized how impractical they are once I needed to turn the topic into measurable results over a three-week period.  That thinking process finally took me to an idea that feels very personal to me, that is sleep deprivation.  I never get that much sleep due to extracurricular and school work.  My parents and my pediatrician constantly warn me that 8 hours of sleep is vital for good brain function.  It made me wonder: if someone has to give up sleep time, is there a minimum number of hours that you can give away but cause relatively less damage to your health?  And can sleep deprivation be reversed by catch-up sleep?  That became the topic for my research.
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Until next time, stay healthy and wish you at least 8 hours of sleep each day.
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Spicing Up My Time in the Lab by Charlotte Tan

9/5/2022

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Hello Everyone, it’s Charlotte (again)! As we conclude day 6 of the program, I can’t believe how quickly these past 3 weeks have flown by. When we first started our introductory experiments, I was shocked at the detail that was needed to perform each assay and analyze our data, even though we already had our research questions provided! I performed the Open Field Test to measure the anxiety levels of my flies and analyzed the data, which I found to be repetitive, but still interesting and eye opening!
​Now, moving on to my independent project! When I was brainstorming ideas for my project, I was immediately drawn to the gut due to the variety of assay options that studying the gut offers, but more importantly because I was enthralled by its biomechanics and how food can affect such important structures. Once I narrowed down my topic to the gut, it was natural for me to test how spice and vinegar affects it. My family is from Malaysia and China, and for our household, high spice tolerance is practically a requirement. However, my grandparents frequently send articles talking about how high levels of spice correlate to gastrointestinal problems and diseases. When I did further research, I found that vinegar and pickled foods could counteract some negative effects that are triggered by spice, such as heartburn. Thus, I’m studying how spice affects gut permeability and health, and whether pickled foods can counteract that effect.
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t’s the second day of working, and I’ve had my fair share of sorting flies and measuring drug stocks to put in their food. I even got to put bright blue dye in the fly food to measure their gut permeability in the Smurf Assay (I even put on a smurf shirt to dress for the occasion)! I feel like every day is a journey in itself, and I’ve quickly become comfortable with the lab and the science happening around me. I can’t wait to collect more data for my experiment and create more memories with my TRIP friends!
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Sleepy Flies and Pre-Workout by David Benjamin

9/1/2022

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The first few weeks of TRIP have flown by, and I am glad to say that I have enjoyed them thoroughly. I felt like a true scientist while diluting drugs with micropipettes, sorting unconscious flies with paintbrushes, and creating grape plates with Juicy Juice. There were certainly moments when I stepped out of my comfort zone and felt unsure about my abilities; many of the processes in the lab are new to me. However, the collaborative environment created by the staff and students ensures that I always receive the support I need. I feel like there is always someone to provide an answer when I have a question. Plus, all the friends that I have made at TRIP are super cool and make even the most mundane tasks (such as creating labels for vials) more enjoyable.
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Before jumping into our independent project, my TRIP friends and I each performed an introductory experiment to get us comfortable with the lab. My introductory experiment sought to determine whether a disrupted circadian rhythm and/or a dose of St. John’s Wort (an herbal medicine supposed to treat mild depression) had an impact on fly mood. I found this project super engaging for several reasons. For one, I was genuinely interested in the question, since I often experience brain fog or anxiety when I go to sleep at a weird time. Additionally, learning how to knock out and sort flies was unexpectedly fun and satisfying. I did feel bad dumping the flies into the “Fly Morgue” at the end of the experiment, however.

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Then, before I knew it, it was time to start brainstorming for my independent project! At first, I had no clue what I wanted to study. However, after sitting down and thinking about my hobbies and habits, I decided that I wanted to study the effectiveness of the common pre-workout ingredient L-Citrulline on providing energy to sleep deprived flies. As someone who exercises often, whether it be lifting with my friends or (preferably not) running for a sport, I hear a lot about fitness supplements. One particularly popular supplement is pre-workout, which I sometimes take for an energy boost when I am tired. However, pre-workout powders often contain upwards of 10 or 15 ingredients, which made me wonder whether these ingredients were necessary for providing energy - or if one would be better off saving money and drinking coffee! L-Citrulline in particular is a supplement that claims to provide energy and is common in many pre-workout mixes yet has little research supporting its effectiveness. After completing copious (though definitely necessary) worksheets and exercises in preparation for my independent project, I am very excited to begin working on it.
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